
Traveling With Two Passports: Which One to Use and When
Which passport to book with, show at check-in and hand over at each border, with the US, UK and Canadian rules that leave you no choice.
When a child traveling with one parent needs a consent letter, what it says and a template.
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A child travel consent letter is signed permission from a parent who is not on the trip for their child to travel abroad with another adult or alone. The US does not require one for a child to leave, but border officers and airlines in some countries ask for it. Here is when your child needs one, who signs, what goes in it and how to notarize it, with a fill-in template and a full sample.
A consent letter shows a border officer or airline agent that the parents who are not there agree to the trip. Many countries check this to prevent international child abduction, and USA.gov says a child traveling alone or with only one parent or legal guardian may need a letter of consent. Carry one when the child travels:
Canada draws the age line at 19: any child under 19 traveling abroad without both parents should carry a letter, and foreign officials may still ask for one when a child is 16 or older and can get an adult passport.
The letter adds to the documents a child carries abroad and never replaces them: every child, infants included, needs their own travel documents, such as a passport, to enter the US, plus a visa where the destination requires one.
Flights within the US are a different case. TSA asks children under 18 for no ID, so the Real ID rules at airport security apply to the adults in your party, and the airline sets any rules of its own for a child flying alone.
Every parent or legal guardian who is not traveling signs, whether the parents are married, separated or divorced. Canada recommends a letter even when a parenting order lets one parent make travel decisions alone, because border officers and airline staff can still ask whether everyone agrees.
| Situation | Who signs | Also carry | What officials ask for |
|---|---|---|---|
| With one parent | The parent staying home | A copy of the child’s birth certificate | South Africa wants a Parental Consent Affidavit from the other parent named on the birth certificate |
| With grandparents, a relative or a friend | Both parents | Birth certificate, plus copies of both parents’ IDs for South Africa | DHS asks an adult escorting a child without the parents for a letter from both parents |
| Alone | Both parents | The airline’s unaccompanied minor or consent form, if it has one | South Africa also wants a letter and an ID copy from the adult receiving the child |
| School, sports or religious group | Both parents, giving consent to the organizer | Birth certificate | CBP lets US citizen children under 19 in a group enter by land or sea from Canada or Mexico on a birth certificate and the group’s letter; South Africa accepts a principal’s affidavit for school tours |
| Divorced or separated, shared custody | The parent not traveling | A copy of the custody order or parenting agreement | South Africa requires both parents’ consent when custody is shared |
| Sole custody | No letter from the other parent: DHS says the court custody document can replace it | A copy of the court custody document | Canada still recommends a letter from the other parent where that is possible and safe |
| One parent has died | The surviving parent, if the child travels without them | A copy of the death certificate | Canada and South Africa both name the death certificate |
Carry a copy of any court order about custody or travel with the letter. If you are the parent being asked to sign and you fear the child will not be brought back, Canada’s advice is to see a lawyer before you sign anything.
Canada says there are no official guidelines for a consent letter’s content or format, but its consent letter guidance lists the core contents and publishes a template. USA.gov suggests a sentence of permission. Fit these 8 parts on 1 page:
Copy the passport number from the passport the child will actually travel on. If that passport expires too soon for the destination, renew it before anyone signs, because the new passport carries a new number and the letter has to match it.
Brothers and sisters traveling together can share one letter, and Canada recommends separate letters for children who split up for part of the trip. USA.gov prefers the letter in English.
Copy this, replace each bracketed field and delete any line that does not apply. The parent or parents who are not traveling sign it.
[Parent’s full name]
[Street address, city, postal code, country]
[Phone number], [email][City], [date]
To whom it may concern,
I, [parent’s full name], am the [mother, father or legal guardian] of [child’s full name], born on [child’s date of birth], holder of [country] passport number [child’s passport number].
I consent to [child’s first name] traveling to [destination countries] from [departure date] to [return date] with [accompanying adult’s full name], [relationship to the child], holder of [country] passport number [adult’s passport number], who lives at [adult’s address] and can be reached at [adult’s phone number].
Travel details: [departure date, from airport to airport]; [return date, from airport to airport].
[Child’s first name] will stay at [address for each stop, with dates].
I acknowledge that my child is traveling outside the country with [accompanying adult’s full name] with my permission.
I also authorize [accompanying adult’s full name] to consent to emergency medical treatment for [child’s first name] during this trip.
I can be reached during the trip at [phone number] and [email].
[Signature]
[Parent’s full name], [date][Second parent’s signature, printed name and date, if both parents sign]
[Space for the notary’s certificate, signature and seal]
This is an invented sample. The people, addresses and numbers are not real.
Maria Elena Santos
4418 Ridgewood Drive, Austin, TX 78745, United States
+1 512 555 0148, maria.santos@example.com
Austin, 18 May 2027
To whom it may concern,
I, Maria Elena Santos, am the mother of Daniel Santos Reyes, born on 14 March 2015, holder of US passport number A04817362.
I consent to Daniel traveling to Spain and Portugal from 2 July 2027 to 16 July 2027 with his father, Javier Reyes, holder of US passport number A09253148, who lives with us at the address above and can be reached at +1 512 555 0163.
Travel details: 2 July 2027, Houston IAH to Madrid MAD; 16 July 2027, Lisbon LIS to Houston IAH.
Daniel will stay with his aunt, Lucia Reyes Ortega, at Calle de los Olivos 7, 28019 Madrid, from 2 to 10 July, and at a hotel in central Lisbon, booking reference LX40972, from 10 to 16 July.
I acknowledge that my son is traveling outside the country with Javier Reyes with my permission.
I also authorize Javier Reyes to consent to emergency medical treatment for Daniel during this trip.
I can be reached during the trip at +1 512 555 0148 and maria.santos@example.com.
Maria Elena Santos, signed before the notary
18 May 2027
Notary section: left blank here for the notary’s own certificate, signature and seal.
The US does not require the letter, so it does not require a notary either. USA.gov still prefers a notarized letter, and Canada says any adult may witness the signature but strongly recommends a notary, warning that officers may not accept photocopies or digital versions.
From template to notarized original
Each country sets its own rules for minors crossing its borders, on the way in and on the way out. These are the published rules of 3 countries, as of October 2026:
| Country | Who it covers | What to carry | Notarized? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Children under 19 traveling abroad without both parents | A letter signed by each parent not traveling, original preferred | Any adult may witness; a notary is strongly recommended |
| Mexico | Mexican minors, dual US citizens included | Notarized permission to travel without that parent or guardian, or proof of sole custody | Yes |
| South Africa | South African children and all unaccompanied minors; visa-exempt foreign children are strongly advised to comply | Passport, birth certificate and a Parental Consent Affidavit from the parent not traveling | A sworn affidavit, no older than 6 months |
Mexico’s immigration institute, INM, also set up an exit form for minors, the SAM, for Mexican minors and for foreign minors who live in Mexico as residents or students when they travel alone or with adults who are not their parents or guardian. INM’s notice describing the SAM dates from 2015, so check the current form with INM or a Mexican consulate before you go.
Nationality decides which rules apply. Canada notes that a child can be deemed a citizen of a country where a parent is a citizen and may then face that country’s entry and exit rules like any other citizen child, so a child who holds two passports needs both countries’ rules checked. A US citizen child still enters the US on the US passport.
Often, yes, though the US itself does not require one for a child to leave. USA.gov says a child traveling with only one parent may need a letter from the other parent, and Canada recommends one for every child under 19 traveling without both parents.
Not for the US, but a notarized letter is the safer choice. USA.gov prefers one, Canada strongly recommends a notary, and Mexico requires notarized permission for Mexican minors traveling without a parent or guardian.
Yes. USA.gov and DHS suggest wording rather than a form, and Canada publishes a template you can fill in on a computer or print and complete by hand.
Not for TSA, which asks children under 18 for no ID on flights within the US. For a child flying alone, the airline may require its own unaccompanied minor or consent form and charge a fee.
Neither the US nor Canadian guidance sets an expiry date: the letter covers the trip and the dates written in it, so a new trip needs a new letter. South Africa's Parental Consent Affidavit must be no older than 6 months when presented.
No. DS-3053 is a parent's notarized consent to a US passport for a child under 16, used when that parent cannot come to the application and submitted within 90 days of notarization. It covers the passport, not the trip.
Try to settle it directly or through mediation, and get family legal advice, as Canada's guidance suggests. South Africa accepts a court order granting permission to travel when a parent will not consent, and a parent with sole custody carries the custody document instead.